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The philosophical work of Jamal Khwaja (or, Ahmad Jamal Yusuf Khwaja, Indian philosopher, born 12 August, 1926/1928 〔Jamal Khwaja was born in August 1926. However most official documents show his date of birth as 1928. This error somehow crept into the record and has become a source of confusion amongst family and friends ever since.〕), has two facets: an analysis of the nature and causes of philosophical disagreement, and second, analysis of the religious dimension of life, with special reference to Islam. Jamal Khwaja's basic approach to philosophy and religion is irenic rather than polemical. His life mission has been to stimulate serious rethinking and informed dialogue between tradition and modernity in Islam. He believes in judicious modernisation rooted in the Quran and firmly opposes shallow, unprincipled imitation of the West. ==Family background== He was born on 12 August 1926 in Delhi, India in his maternal grandmother's house. His father Abdul Majeed Khwaja (1885–1962)() was a prominent lawyer, educationist and deeply committed to the Indian Freedom Movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. His grandfather Khwaja Muhammad Yusuf (d. 1902) was a prominent landowner and lawyer hailing from Aligarh. The city was earlier named, Kol or Koil. Aligarh is situated in the central doab (tract of land lying between two confluent rivers) region of Uttar Pradesh and has played a prominent role in the history of the region. In medieval times, the famous traveller Ibn Batuta almost lost his life in Koil. Lord Lake captured the famous Aligarh Fort from the Scindia, after fighting the decisive Battle of Ally Ghur in 1804. In 1919 Abdul Majeed Khwaja () gave up his flourishing legal practice at the Patna High Court in response to Mahatma Gandhi call for non-co-operation with the colonial British Government. He was a prominent activist in both the Khilafat and the broader Indian struggle for independence. A.M. Khwaja was one of the founding fathers () of the Jamia Millia Islamia along with Maulana Muhammad Ali, Mahatma Gandhi, Hakim Ajmal Khan and others. His grandfather, Khwaja Muhammad Yusuf was one of the earliest supporters of the Aligarh Movement under the leadership of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, the founder of the famous Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College. He donated large sums to the College Fund Committee and also toured the country along with Zahoor Hussain, and Zainul Abdeen. Also accompanying the group were the much younger duo of Syed Mahmood, son of Sir Syed and Hamied Ullah Khan, son of Maulvi Sami Ullah Khan to raise funds for the proposed MAO College. He was also very active in the affairs of the Scientific Society founded earlier in 1864 by Sir Syed. His mother's name was Begum Khursheed Khwaja. She was the eldest daughter of Muhammad Hamied Ullah (later Nawab Sarbuland Jung) (17 March 1864 – 1930) the eldest surviving son of Maulvi Sami Ullah. Hamied Ullah was the first to be enrolled as a student of the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College and was the second member of the larger family of Sir Syed and Maulvi Sami Ullah to proceed to Christ's College, Cambridge, University of Cambridge in England for higher studies. The first was none other than Sir Syed's own son, Syed Mahmood, who became the first ever-Indian judge of the Allahabad High Court. Hamied Ullah eventually became Chief Justice of the Nizam's High Court at Hyderabad with the title Nawab Sarbuland Jung. Sir Syed and the much (17 years) younger Maulvi Sami Ullah were relatives and close comrades. The courage, which Maulvi Sami Ullah displayed in rescuing Syed Ahmed's family from Delhi in the aftermath of the great Indian Rebellion of 1857, left a deep impression on the later. But differences arose between the two due to some personal reasons as well as some policy matters relating to the affairs of the MAO College). The friends became estranged in the late 1880s. Maulvi Sami Ullah withdrew himself from Aligarh affairs and made Allahabad the focus of his educational mission through founding of the Muslim Boarding House as part of the famous University of Allahabad. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jamal Khwaja」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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